Wealth-holding structures continue to defy alignment across jurisdictions, and mismatched tax classifications remain a major source of complexity for internationally mobile families. This Exchange explores how different systems categorise trusts, foundations, LLCs and other wealth-preservation vehicles, and how inconsistencies can create hybrid, double-tax or non-tax results. Drawing on recent Italian rulings involving partnerships and US trusts, speakers will discuss practical coordination challenges and how advisors can anticipate conflicts of characterisation in multi-jurisdictional planning.